Endangered Species:

R Britt (britt@indigo.ucdavis.edu)
Wed, 3 Nov 1993 11:25:06 -0800 (PST)

This discussion of dissemination of rare Nepenthes is interesting.
I am interested in parrots and reptiles, and these sort of issues
come up all the time there. You may know that Australia
prohibits commercial export of any of its indigenous fauna.
There are cockatoo species in Australia that are such common
pest that farmers shoot them with shotguns, yet are so rare
in the US that domestically bred individuals sell for thousands
of dollars. These birds are in no way endangered, but the
goverment prohits all commercial trade. It seems that in part
this is based on the grounds of "heritage", ie. these are
Australian birds and only belong in Australia. A cynical
recasting of this is that if people want to experience
Australian wildlife, they must come to Australia and spend
hard currency in the local economy.

I think another issue is the mistrust by professional wildlife
managers, etc., of amateur collectors and hobbyists. In the
bird world there has been some good reasons for this mistrust.
Breeders have become very successful at breeding South American
macaws. However, many often get bored with the handful of
species, some of which are truly endangered. The result is
massive hybridization and the muddling of gene pools. This undercuts
the argument that private breeding is preserving the species
(with the usual understanding that domestic birds can be used
to repopulate the wild), because in fact the hybridization
is not preserving species at all. Responsible breeders are
refusing to hybridize, but you see mongrel macaws for sale all
the time, with common names for the more common hybrids. A naive
buyer may think he or she is buying a nonhybrid bird when
purchasing a "Ruby Macaw" or a "Catalina Macaw" etc.

Now in the world of Nepenthes, it seems that many people love
hybridizing, with similar results that common hybrids have popular
names. Certainly hybridizing plants goes back to the beginning
of agriculture! But do you think part of the resistance
of botanical gardens and wildlife preserves to release plants
is the worry that the plants will be used to make a continuum
of hybrids? I really don't know myself.

-David Britt